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楼主
发表于: 2021-05-13 22:39
2021年考博英语翻译练习资料（1） Translate the underlined sentences in the passage into Chinese. Please write the Chinese sentences on the Answer Sheet.
The price we pay for this salutary change is, no doubt, great. We assemble thousands of operative in the factory, and in the mine, of whom the employer can know little or nothing, and to whom he is little better than a myth. All intercourse between them is at an end. Rigid castes are formed, and, as usual, mutual ignorance breeds mutual distrust. Each case is without sympathy with the other, and ready to credit anything disparaging in regard to it. (76) Under the law of competition, the mployer of thousands is forced into the strictest economies, among which the rates paid to labor figure prominently, and often there is friction between the employer and the employed, between capital and labor, between rich and poor. Human society loses homogeneity. (77) The price Which society pays for the law of competition, like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries, is also great, but the advantages of this law are greater still than its cost, for it is to this law that we owe our wonderful material development, which brings improved conditions in its train. But, whether the law be benign or not, we must say of it, as we say of the change in the conditions of men to which we have referred It is here; we cannot evade it; of the effect of any new substitutes for it proposed we can not be sure; (78)and while the law may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best for the race, because it insures the survival of the fittest in every department. (79)We accept and welcome, therefore, as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment; the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial to the future progress of the race. Having accepted these, it follows that there must be great scope for the expertise of special ability in the merchant and in the manufacturer who has to conduct affairs upon great scale. (80)That this talent for organization and management is rare among men is proved by the fact that it invariably secures enormous regards for its possessors, no matter where or under what laws or condition. KEY 76.在竞争法则下，成千上万的雇主不得不实行一些最严厉的措施。在这些节约措施中，付给工人的工资首当其冲。这样，雇主和雇员之间，劳资双方之间以及富人和穷人之间就常有摩擦。 77.社会支付给竞争法的代价，就像它支付给廉价的舒适品和奢侈品一样，代价昂贵;但是竞争法的好处高于它的代价，因为正是这种竞争法，我们才能拥有如此的物质发展，引来生活水平的改善。 78.虽然优势这一法则对个人来说可能是很难的，但是它适应于人类，因为它保证了人类在各个领域都能适者生存。 79.因此，我们接受并欢迎环境的不平等，商业、工业在少数人手里的集中，以及法则在这些人之中引起的竞争，我们把这看作是必须适应的条件，因为这对人类的未来发展有利。 80.无论是在什么地方，身处什么法则或条件下，具有组织管理才能的人都不可避免地得到巨大的尊荣，这一事实证明了这种能力只有少数人拥有。 |
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