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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

考博英语语法:非谓语动词中的有关句型

考博英语语法:非谓语动词中的有关句型  3s| :7  
  (1)动名词作主语的句型 >Ut: -}CS  
  1)Doing...+ v. Reading is an art.阅读是门艺术。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 O 9-`e  
  2) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名词+doing sth. 7.Z-  
  It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。 <,0/BMz  
  It is a great fun playing football.打篮球很有趣。 pZK 1G  
  It is a waste of time trying to explain.设法解释是浪费时间。 _ yJz:pa  
  3)It is + useless (nice, good,interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth. &o7PB` (l  
  It is useless speaking.光说没用。 ^fe,A=k~1  
  It is nice seeing you again.真高兴又遇到了你。 UCjx   
  It is good Playing chess after supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好。 V_ , `?>O  
  It is expensive running this car.开这种小车是浪费。 2HSFMgy  
  4)There is no + doing...(there is no 表“不可能”) 1ig*Xp[  
  There is no telling what he is going to do.说出他要干什么是不可能的。 ` L 1+j  
  There is no saying what may happen.说出将要发生什么是不可能的。 rr2 !H%:  
  5)There is no use (good/point/sense/harm)+doing sth.做某事没用(不好/意义/重要性) P_0[spmFU  
  There is no use crying over spilt milk.牛奶洒了,哭也无用。 0G-obHe0  
  6)have difficulty /trouble/problem + (in)+doing o?m1  
  have作有解时,后接情感名词(in可省略),再接动名词。这类词还有trouble, fun, a hard time, a good time. /n(0w`   
  例如:We had difficulty (in) carrying out the plan.我们执行计划有困难。 Dn J `]r  
  7)feel like + 名词 感觉像动名词 “ 想要” =would like to +原形动词 B|"/bQ  
  I feel like a newborn baby.我感觉像一个新生的婴儿。 &L5 )v\z  
  Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗? $0K@= 7ms  
  I don’t feel like studying tonight.今晚我不想读书。 .)+c01  
  8) spend/waste time doing sth. vV$t`PEY  
  They spent a lot time (in) making preparations.他们花了许多时间作准备。 iX{2U lF7  
  9)在require后只能用动名词,不能用不定式,尽管表示被动的意思也要用动名词的主动形式。 0;T7fKj  
  This problem requires studying with great care.这个问题需要仔细研究。 oy#(]K3`O  
  10)cannot help doing sth.忍不住(做什么) T ?f{.a)  
  I cannot help laughing, once I see john in that big trouser. QwpX3 k6  
  (2)有关分词句型 *yw!Y{e!9  
  1)在表示感觉和心里状态的动词see,hear,feel,smell,listen(to),notice,observe,smell,watch这类表示感觉的动词之后常跟“宾语+现在分词”的复合结构,这种动词与分词之间的宾语可以是普通名词或专有名词(人各等),也可以是代词宾格(him,us等)。例如: D&"lu*"tg  
  She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.她闻到有东西在燃烧并看到有烟升起来了。 \b $pH  
  I watched them rehearsing the play.我看他们排演戏。 "P@ SR`v#  
  I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风在我脸上吹过。 S'qT+pP  
  2)表示“致使”等意义的动词,如:catch,find,leave,give,have,get,set后也可跟上述(1)的结构,有时也可跟过去分词结构。例如: r<n:o7  
  I caught them stealing my apples.我抓住他们偷我的苹果。 6lg]5d2CD  
  If she catches me reading her diary,she’ll be furious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日记,她会愤怒的。 60{DR >S  
  We found him waiting to receive us.我们发现他正等着接待我们。 SPdEO3  
  3)go +现在分词表示“从事…”之意,这时现在分词做主语补语。go之后所接现在分词均表示短暂而又愉快的户外活动。如:jogging慢跑,fishing钓鱼,dancing跳舞,skating溜冰,bowling打保龄球,shopping 购物,sightseeing游览,camping露营。 -Z:x!M[Xr  
  I’ll go camping tomorrow.我明天去露营。 Ri`6X_xU  
  I’ll go shopping.我去商店。 @$^4Av-  
  Would you like to go skating with me?你想和我去溜冰吗? ;Wy03}K4J  
  4)be busy + v-ing(现在分词)忙着做… YJHb\Cf.  
  I am busy writing my thesis.我正忙着写论文。 6@/k|t>OT  
  His assistant is busy(in) correcting papers.他的助教忙于批阅考卷。 MG.c`t/w  
  或者be busy with + n.忙着做某事。 ?)(/SZC0  
  He is busy with his work.他忙着工作。 @{fwM;me]P  
  5)What do you say to + ing分词?(……怎么样?) bcy  
  What do you say to joining us for dinner?和我们一起进餐,你看怎么样? E:/!]sm!  
  (3)有关动词不定式句型 -hm/lxyU  
  下面这些词组是不定式的习惯用法,只能用不定式形式。 z&9MkbH1  
  can not help but do, can not but do, cannot choose but do, can do nothing but do, have no choice/alternative to do `W@jo~ y<  
  When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift. M\k[?i  
  (4)there be的非谓语形式 9#hp]0S6  
  there be非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语。(其中作宾语和状语在1991年和1994年测试过,定语见1996年题10。) tw<Oy^ i  
  The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.(作宾语如1991年题30) p6BDhT(RS  
  1)作动词宾语时,通常用there to be结构,而不用there being。能这样用的及物动词为:expect,like,mean,intend,want,prefer,hate等,如: GXD<X_[  
  We don’t want there to be any comrades lagging behind,我们不希望有任何同志掉队。 UcB&p t&  
  They hate there to be long queues everywhere.他们不愿意处处都要排长队。 CEw%_U@8  
  We have no objection to there being a meeting here.我们并不反对在这里开会。 `S-l.zSZ4B  
  It isn’t enough for there to be a frost tonight,so I can leave Jim’s car out quite safely.(作状语) l1<=3+d  
  2)作状语多用there being结构,但若置于介词之后,for用there to be整个介词短语作程度状语,其它多半用there being。 wzxV)1jT  
  There being nobody else at hand, I had to do by myself.由于附近没有人,我只得独自干了。(原因状语) )SZ#%OE*  
  It’s too early for there to be anybody up.太早了,还不会有人起床。(作程度状语) 3w |5%`  
  There having been no rain for a long time,the ground was very dry.因为好长时间没下雨了,地面非常干燥。(原因状语) `kvIw,c.  
  3)作主语时两种结构都可以,但如是用for引导则要用there to be。 J%r:"Jm[y1  
  It is not uncommon for there to be problems of communication between old and young.老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。 H?Sv6W.~  
  There being a kindergarten on campus is a great convenience to female teachers.幼儿园在校园内对女教师十分方便。 O>nMeU  
  4)作定语。 There be结构作定语时,定语从句中谓语为there be,there之前的关系代词常常省略。如: T*#M'H7LSQ  
  This is the fastest train (that) there is to Nanking.这是到南京的最快一班车。 >\ :GFD{z  
  I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people.我要充分利用我剩下的岁月尽量为人民多做些事。 <N~9=g3   
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