考博英语语法：非谓语动词中的有关句型
L3N ?^^]
(1)动名词作主语的句型 OM>,1;UH]
1)Doing...+ v. Reading is an art.阅读是门艺术。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 >Bw<THx
2) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名词+doing sth. |2L| Zp&
It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。 v| K,
It is a great fun playing football.打篮球很有趣。 Q1 t-Z; X
It is a waste of time trying to explain.设法解释是浪费时间。 61aU~w11a
3)It is + useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth. |]M|I X8
o
It is useless speaking.光说没用。 9V'ok.B.x
It is nice seeing you again.真高兴又遇到了你。 JJQS7
,vG
It is good Playing chess after supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好。 dCb7sqJ%
It is expensive running this car.开这种小车是浪费。 qsT@aSIo9
4)There is no + doing...(there is no 表“不可能”) =~D QX\
There is no telling what he is going to do.说出他要干什么是不可能的。
Sux/= '
There is no saying what may happen.说出将要发生什么是不可能的。 VxP cC+
5)There is no use (good/point/sense/harm)+doing sth.做某事没用(不好/意义/重要性) mhNX05D
There is no use crying over spilt milk.牛奶洒了，哭也无用。 |& oTxx$S
6)have difficulty /trouble/problem + (in)+doing xCQLfXK 7
have作有解时，后接情感名词(in可省略)，再接动名词。这类词还有trouble, fun, a hard time, a good time. Xf YbWR
例如：We had difficulty (in) carrying out the plan.我们执行计划有困难。 WR .>?IG2E
7)feel like + 名词 感觉像动名词 “ 想要” =would like to +原形动词 4@mK:v %
I feel like a newborn baby.我感觉像一个新生的婴儿。 IDY2X+C# U
Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗? im&Nkk4 n@
I don’t feel like studying tonight.今晚我不想读书。 ymW? <\AD,
8) spend/waste time doing sth. "-
?uB Mz
They spent a lot time (in) making preparations.他们花了许多时间作准备。 Ql1J?9W
9)在require后只能用动名词，不能用不定式，尽管表示被动的意思也要用动名词的主动形式。 A"}I b'
This problem requires studying with great care.这个问题需要仔细研究。 Z}AhDIw!G
10)cannot help doing sth.忍不住(做什么) 2CF5qn}T
I cannot help laughing, once I see john in that big trouser. *UZd !a)
(2)有关分词句型 fq[1 |Q
1)在表示感觉和心里状态的动词see，hear，feel，smell，listen(to)，notice，observe，smell，watch这类表示感觉的动词之后常跟“宾语+现在分词”的复合结构，这种动词与分词之间的宾语可以是普通名词或专有名词(人各等)，也可以是代词宾格(him，us等)。例如： V q[4RAd^P
She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.她闻到有东西在燃烧并看到有烟升起来了。 xG1(vn83gq
I watched them rehearsing the play.我看他们排演戏。 Djr/!j
I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风在我脸上吹过。 6pdek3pOCt
2)表示“致使”等意义的动词，如：catch，find，leave，give，have，get，set后也可跟上述(1)的结构，有时也可跟过去分词结构。例如： 0t?g!
I caught them stealing my apples.我抓住他们偷我的苹果。 j0~ dJ#
If she catches me reading her diary，she’ll be furious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的。 =.]{OT
We found him waiting to receive us.我们发现他正等着接待我们。 RgD %pNhI
3)go +现在分词表示“从事…”之意，这时现在分词做主语补语。go之后所接现在分词均表示短暂而又愉快的户外活动。如：jogging慢跑，fishing钓鱼，dancing跳舞，skating溜冰，bowling打保龄球，shopping 购物，sightseeing游览，camping露营。 bs_< UE
I’ll go camping tomorrow.我明天去露营。 A
D%9;KQ8
I’ll go shopping.我去商店。 UZ;FrQ(l{
Would you like to go skating with me?你想和我去溜冰吗? _)Ad%LPsd7
4)be busy + v-ing(现在分词)忙着做… +[`
)t/
I am busy writing my thesis.我正忙着写论文。 9yK\<6}}QH
His assistant is busy(in) correcting papers.他的助教忙于批阅考卷。 j
6dlAe
或者be busy with + n.忙着做某事。 n+1 `y8dy
He is busy with his work.他忙着工作。 U.Fs9F4M #
5)What do you say to + ing分词?(……怎么样?) j GUegeq
What do you say to joining us for dinner?和我们一起进餐，你看怎么样? s[;1?+EI
(3)有关动词不定式句型 tkP& =$
下面这些词组是不定式的习惯用法，只能用不定式形式。 juA}7
can not help but do, can not but do, cannot choose but do, can do nothing but do, have no choice/alternative to do 6~O;t'd
When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift. u/apnAW@M
(4)there be的非谓语形式 DFQ`<r&!
there be非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语。(其中作宾语和状语在1991年和1994年测试过，定语见1996年题10。) uBw[|,yn2*
The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.(作宾语如1991年题30) c1xX)cF
1)作动词宾语时，通常用there to be结构，而不用there being。能这样用的及物动词为：expect，like，mean，intend，want，prefer，hate等，如： l%
p4.CX
We don’t want there to be any comrades lagging behind，我们不希望有任何同志掉队。 2S//5@~_m
They hate there to be long queues everywhere.他们不愿意处处都要排长队。 ;!j/t3#a
We have no objection to there being a meeting here.我们并不反对在这里开会。 n T7]PhJ
It isn’t enough for there to be a frost tonight，so I can leave Jim’s car out quite safely.(作状语) y]g5S-G
2)作状语多用there being结构，但若置于介词之后，for用there to be整个介词短语作程度状语，其它多半用there being。 G_} oI|B
There being nobody else at hand, I had to do by myself.由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。(原因状语) Mehp]5*
It’s too early for there to be anybody up.太早了，还不会有人起床。(作程度状语) #n+sbx5~7
There having been no rain for a long time，the ground was very dry.因为好长时间没下雨了，地面非常干燥。(原因状语) { <zE}7/2-
3)作主语时两种结构都可以，但如是用for引导则要用there to be。 G+t zp&G@
It is not uncommon for there to be problems of communication between old and young.老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。 iV:\,< 8d
There being a kindergarten on campus is a great convenience to female teachers.幼儿园在校园内对女教师十分方便。 H'I5LYsXO~
4)作定语。 There be结构作定语时，定语从句中谓语为there be，there之前的关系代词常常省略。如： 4'.] -u
This is the fastest train (that) there is to Nanking.这是到南京的最快一班车。 MfraTUxIo/
I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people.我要充分利用我剩下的岁月尽量为人民多做些事。 GuF-HP}xM
nyZ?m
