（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 h` h> H
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1. 充当句子的状语。 9 me}&Fdr
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 6$fnQcpJ
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 5Sjr6l3Vq8
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词)
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. #>m ,
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. f./m7TZ
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). jXY ;V3l
真题剖析 K+@eH#Cv,(
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 2iPmCG
45. A. For Uy59zB2|=
B. As >PJtG] D
C. With ' `]n _$f'
D. Because Bq~hV;9nf
练习： ?l,
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. @bW[J
8. A. is YF! &*6m
B. having / }nrF4S
C. being 88#qu.
D. be O[(?.9
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 JXL9Gge
虚拟语气(2) S0N2rU
1. (should)+动词原形 b@ wBR9 s
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 5"kx}f2$
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 %9QMzz5
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 &R'w-0k_
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 N4a`8dS|
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 (}{_]X|e
would rather +动词过去式 >,>;)B@J
真题剖析 s-C!uq
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … oNuPP5d[]
47. A. do 6.U "_%
B. did &r'{(O8$N
C. don’t <AI>8j6#B
D. didn’t g> ~cs_N@
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 6_R\l@a
53. A. ordered v)@,:u )
B. pleaded N
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C. decided i1qS ns
D. demanded jDlA <1
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. y$IaXr5L
15. A. took E tJ~dL)
B. would take {q&@nm40
C. will take L]k*QIn:h
D. should take 5%<TF .;-J
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. (jM<T;4
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) V~OUE]]Q
54.A. shall Z0e-W:&;kF
B.will $d'CBsu|<
C.would E fKM*;A
D.should "A%MVym."
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 )fNGB]%
动名词、分词、不定式。 A)8rk_92Q
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) P?^JPbfV
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) eh$G.-2N
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 saatU;V
真题剖析 o
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(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. P,(9c yS{
60. A. dropped ucw`;< d8
B. to drop wi>DZkR
C. dropping dIma {uv
D.drops ! ?jK1{E3
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. nt7|f,_J
59. A. destructive Zw +=ng.q?
B. dissatisfied G c wt7~
C. damaged d$}&nV/A)
D. derivative Q*gnAi&.#
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 N8VVGPa
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 /w0sj`;"
How you got there doesn’t concern me. nh<Z1 tMU
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. DacN {r"3
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 Y.7}
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. @a0Q0M
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 xpAok]
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 {#N%Bq}
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). d , UCH
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 GLCAiSMz[
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 7#ofNH J
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) teAukE=}
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) R
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He no less than John is interested in literature.
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) F_
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. Fwb5u!_,
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 "Kq>#I'%W
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. B)M& \:
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真题剖析 Vc _ :*
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. pM9yOY
53. A. none ^&Q< tN 7
B. few &<Zdyf?[Ou
C. any -9d%+O~v6~
D. some Bd&`Xfebj
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 cI:-Z{M7z
全部倒装 H:Y&OZ
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ^s-25 6iI
There stand big buildings in this district. 2 x32U
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. aCl A{
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) &I/qG`W
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. "(f
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