（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 desThnT w
1. 充当句子的状语。 x/MZ(A%D
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 + ~U=C9[gj
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 B 2 .q3T
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) Ti;Ijcq8
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. Drvt H+e
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. v)kEyX'K2d
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). j#6|V]l
真题剖析 -
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(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. Vjm_F!S
45. A. For A ?"h@-~2
B. As QldzQ% 4c\
C. With Ei @M$Fd
D. Because FkupO
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练习： w, j cm;
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 2#/p|$;Ec'
8. A. is dj[apuiF
B. having N\1/ JW+
C. being ;+I4&VieK
D. be e}cnX `B
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 }Ewo_P&`
虚拟语气(2) (%Oe_*e}Y
1. (should)+动词原形 _8h8Wtif
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 qGPb
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 2Q$\KRE
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 < 3 j~=-
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 BSp$F WvT?
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 Ha ZFxh-(
would rather +动词过去式 cvAtw Q'
真题剖析 <qiICb)~
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … I Ru$oF}
47. A. do liNON
B. did J35l7HH
C. don’t "L~@.W!@
D. didn’t r2G*!qK*1
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 9 |K*G~J
53. A. ordered Ww87
B. pleaded B {i&~k
C. decided g+ Ph 6W
D. demanded uU+s!C9r
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. o#d$[oa
15. A. took I>m;G
`
B. would take #DaP=k"XV
C. will take 2v|qLf e1
D. should take .D@/y uV
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. Q}uG/HI
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) RUrymkHFB
54.A. shall $
T)d!$
B.will F> Mr<k=@;
C.would fle0c^ =
D.should ty;o&w$
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 HU3Vv<lz
动名词、分词、不定式。 V9$-twhu
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) `hF;$
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been)
)O-sWh4
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 Hrv),Ce
真题剖析 Cs;<'[_?YO
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. & @oq~j_7
60. A. dropped '!j(u@&!
B. to drop s_` V*`n&
C. dropping ^AH -+#5
D.drops f8F1~q
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. .i\ wE@v
59. A. destructive `i{4cT8:
B. dissatisfied I]UA 0[8X
C. damaged ]LY^9eK)>{
D. derivative H O G=c!b
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 :'b%5/ ^q
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 {)jk_&c7
How you got there doesn’t concern me. t-a `.y
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. iPJ
9Gh7
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 )m> 6hk
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. EsNk<Ra
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 Ny[s+ 2?
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Xd5!
Ti}
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). O\:;q*]
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 xQ_:]\ EZ
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. GZ}*r{
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) "& s9cO.H
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) [_h.1oZp~
He no less than John is interested in literature. /:Rn"0
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) `=PB2 '
Either my father or my brothers are coming. Fj36K6!#?
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 h7)VJY
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. Pi^ECSzQu[
真题剖析 FL5 ibg
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. _-YL!oP
53. A. none $&c<T4 $d
B. few A;b=E[i v
C. any 6eW1< p
D. some gizmJ:<
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 _wIBm2UO
全部倒装 {-:4O\/
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” d )pz
There stand big buildings in this district.
o9DYr[
Here on the desk lies a pile of books.
L5i#Kh_
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) `lH1IA/3
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. a
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