（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 c &4EO|
1. 充当句子的状语。 wj$l 093
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 eW%Ce f
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 5U s$.p
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) mN +
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 5qZebD2a
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. gp@X(
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). hc#Lni R3$
真题剖析 <!@*2/Q]J]
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 0m8mHJ<&
45. A. For Ed">$S
B. As .T;:6/??1
C. With DAYR=s
D. Because ?fv5KdD
练习： Jkf%k3H3I*
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. P D,s,A
8. A. is aYy+iP'$
B. having s0EF{2<F
C. being S(* u _
D. be 0<ze'F
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ,hO*W-a% 1
虚拟语气(2) 4\?
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1. (should)+动词原形 r>o#h+'AV
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ,$4f#)
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 LpV2XL$p>#
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 &7-ENg9 [
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 p"'knZ G
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 C0O$iWs=
would rather +动词过去式 %?sPKOh3N}
真题剖析 ./7
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … )c6t`SBwi
47. A. do . 5_zh;
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B. did $l
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C. don’t OTy{:ID
D. didn’t J]AkWEiCJ
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 59R%g .2Y
53. A. ordered uge~*S
B. pleaded Kb$6a'u7
C. decided /l%
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D. demanded vB?(|
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. <V
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15. A. took .Ce0yAl~
B. would take H~1o^
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C. will take oF(=@
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D. should take eWk
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. :OKU@l |
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) s
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54.A. shall e~1$x`DH
B.will }C'h<%[P
C.would eZbT;
D.should xXQW|#X\
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 E%&E<<nhZ
动名词、分词、不定式。 na`8ulN_
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 1 i=p5,|
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ']^_ W0?=
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 TjWMdoU$J
真题剖析 knABlU
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. XTKAy;'5
60. A. dropped #W2#'J:l
B. to drop >U#j\2!
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C. dropping R-]i BL
D.drops |Qz"Z<sNYw
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. QG]*v=Z
59. A. destructive Q3 9 ;bz
B. dissatisfied Y{c+/n3d
C. damaged &B@qb?UE1
D. derivative "*oN~&flc
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 J?[}h&otQ
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 NB .&J7v
How you got there doesn’t concern me. |
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. VK/i5yT5N
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 -FW'i10\2+
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. BDc "0XH
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 [+
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 J%ue{PL7
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). a^MR"i
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5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 -^<`v{}
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. (( E5w:=?
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) ba"a!#wA
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 1`I# 4f
He no less than John is interested in literature. 7).zed^
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) pTzfc`~xv
Either my father or my brothers are coming. a& ~]77)
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 9KLhAYaq
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. G)wIxm$?0
真题剖析 \`: LPe
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. "G m:M
53. A. none (!&g (l;
B. few 7
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C. any Le':b2 o
D. some !B\[Q$
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 .`Ts'0vVy
全部倒装 u:7=Yy
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” @5-+>\Hd^t
There stand big buildings in this district. !saKAb}d7H
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 7OOod1
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) )iG+pP@.@
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 5"JnJH
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