（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 e j
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1. 充当句子的状语。 y>{: [L9*
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 mgxIxusR
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 ><% 585
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 8 WP>u8&
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. vL/ 3(Bo7
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. B.<SC
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ]]x Kc5CT
真题剖析
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(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. .@dC]$2=
45. A. For <sdgL+&1h
B. As 2Fc L-?
C. With 3 f|}p{3
D. Because Jx*cq;`Vee
练习： gW, [X(
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. <+8'H:w z
8. A. is ;yH>A ;,K%
B. having 2 a<\4w'
C. being xh6(~'$
D. be K2 m>D=w
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 X j?Wvt
虚拟语气(2) ~C-Sr@ a?/
1. (should)+动词原形 :XKYfc_y
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 On C )f
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 5zuwqOD*
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 lR(9;3
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 *MJm :
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 g/?Vl2W
would rather +动词过去式 #-az ]s|N
真题剖析 U } 2@
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 0Q3U\cD r
47. A. do ~$!,-r
B. did ?7\V)$00(&
C. don’t ,f03TBD}
D. didn’t 8jK=A2pTa
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. s|YH_1r
53. A. ordered 0
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B. pleaded gt4GN`-k
C. decided ,@"yr>Q9#6
D. demanded EPo)7<|>
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. %
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15. A. took j
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B. would take (6%T~|a
C. will take "$BkO[IS
D. should take ; W0J
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. *h^->+0n
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) \e
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54.A. shall 0%xk tf
B.will ]4rmQAS7"
C.would 3G// _f
D.should )L<.;`g4x
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 4S(G366
动名词、分词、不定式。 R P{pEd
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ]36SF5<0r
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) "jZ Z>\
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 at>_EiS
真题剖析 6Ga'_P:
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. zU5@~J
60. A. dropped o HK
B. to drop AFt- V
C. dropping ?! ap @)9
D.drops x1 =`Z@^
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. GzEw~JAs
59. A. destructive l6zAMyau5
B. dissatisfied cfmwz~S6i
C. damaged yf{\^^ i(
D. derivative _0[z
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（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 v9T 3=
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 \ ZnA%hC
How you got there doesn’t concern me. 6@aH2+4+
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. x. t< @y~
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 D(z#)o Dr
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. mmQC9nZ
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 H
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 X&Oo[Z
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). s-#@t
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 mB2}(DbhE
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. hLfWDf*T|
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) -cUW,>E
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) LBio$67F
He no less than John is interested in literature. Hu bG>]
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) I
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. J^t0M\
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 fq1w <e
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. :qS~"@ ?<
真题剖析 9X[378f+(
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ks$5$,^T2o
53. A. none 2
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B. few 5hqXMs
C. any *3^7'^j<
D. some ,! SbH
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 `?:{a OI
全部倒装 "-fy X!
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 0"-H34M <D
There stand big buildings in this district.
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. :z?T /9,C
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) WKr4S<B8mr
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. Yy!G?>hC
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