（一）考博英语语法：独立主格
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1. 充当句子的状语。 1kbT@
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 3(cU
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 K'a#M g
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) oc b%&m ;i
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. l{M;PaJ`}
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. =$
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). UIC\CP d
真题剖析 H5 p}Le
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. BnKP7e
45. A. For e|2vb
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B. As !D.= 'V
C. With 7.w *+Z>z
D. Because lGD%R' }
练习： b#?ai3E
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. X|lElN
8. A. is R=#q"9 qz
B. having ~u O:tL
C. being v^ y }lT
D. be + cV5h
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 >
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虚拟语气(2) doxdRYKL
1. (should)+动词原形
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 [[/ }1%
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 CrRQPgl+u
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 UY }9
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 >q}
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2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 C{d 8 ~6
would rather +动词过去式 }(f.uN_v
真题剖析 !9e\O5PmO
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … L P0;n \
47. A. do $ly#zQR
B. did lzr>WbM{{p
C. don’t m-Z'K_ oQ
D. didn’t 4acP*LkkQ
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. Z,N7nMJf
53. A. ordered
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B. pleaded /q*Qx )y+1
C. decided m&8 U4uHN
D. demanded K 8yyxJ
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. Hd=D#u=A4{
15. A. took t`Y1.]@U
B. would take H(5ui`' s
C. will take kw}ISXz v
D. should take Gg3?2h"d
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. a\[fC=]r :
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) x jP" 'yU
54.A. shall NBbY## w0
B.will 2o s6c te
C.would +n8I(l=
D.should l;][Q]Z@V
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 mn6p s 6OB
动名词、分词、不定式。 ,G!_ SZ
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) eqUn8<<s
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been)
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 #(7R X}
真题剖析 (Aov} I+
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. %;B(_ht<-w
60. A. dropped 1 [~|
B. to drop J G+g88
C. dropping 5x1jLPl'
D.drops wJ]$'c3
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. N:gstp
59. A. destructive xdTzG4
B. dissatisfied m?R +Z6c[
C. damaged u):Rw
D. derivative loqS?b C ]
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 \< MTY:
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 E<m"en&v
How you got there doesn’t concern me. EBn:[2
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ?;.+A4
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 {*=5qV }
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. B=RKi\K6a
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 G3?a~n^b
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 )dN,b( w9
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). k^%TJ.y@
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 DrCfC[A~]
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. jQwg)E+o;
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) ^&w'`-ra
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) UNH}*]u4`
He no less than John is interested in literature. z )}wo3
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) VTX'f 2\
Either my father or my brothers are coming. B xN#Nk~
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 &WWO13\qd
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. Pc:'>,3!V3
真题剖析 F
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. N|# x9 mE
53. A. none ojs/yjv x
B. few [`n yq )
C. any <HX-qNA?
D. some HBkQ`T
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 WAXrA$:3J
全部倒装 !m.')\4<
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” %;XuA*e
There stand big buildings in this district. =|t1eSzc
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. )t 7HioQ
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) # 2t\>7]
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. f Hp#Gi3Lz
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