（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 IkrB}
1. 充当句子的状语。 zp:
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2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 }K {1Bm@S
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 <_E KCk
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) +C(
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. q6zVu (
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. /x VHd
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). "T
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真题剖析 TCr4-"`r-{
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. y Zaf q"o
45. A. For L^J4wYFTO
B. As 6g(;2gY
C. With 222 Y?3>@D
D. Because }: Z.g
练习： Q$%apL
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 'Wlbh:=$
8. A. is [" -rD y P
B. having <Ap_#
C. being q_
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D. be iw@rW5% '~
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 s~M4. 06P
虚拟语气(2) u mYsO.8
1. (should)+动词原形 Xp<q`w 0I,
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 -amo8V;2H
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 v{u3[c
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 c&[' T+X
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 5Rbl.5. A
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ddn
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would rather +动词过去式 7?.uAiM'zT
真题剖析 w
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 5Xq+lLW>
47. A. do ($di]lbsT
B. did A 95f !a
C. don’t ;jP sS^X
D. didn’t 0s n$QmW:
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. >6es
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53. A. ordered /b+~BvTh
B. pleaded o&JoeKXor
C. decided K,4Ig!
D. demanded FZ*"^=)`G
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. \f,<\mJ#
15. A. took LkbD='\=
B. would take e $
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C. will take $z=a+t *
D. should take AD ;m[u7
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. '5} hm1,
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 2/SUEnaLy_
54.A. shall mnTF40l
B.will HT7,B(.}
C.would v.ZU Ya|
D.should Tv%7=P;r
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 GcM1*)$ 4
动名词、分词、不定式。 !(*&P
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) [REH*_
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 5;`Ot2
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 Wvb ~ j
真题剖析 [3dGHf;miw
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 6 ;'s
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60. A. dropped 'IU3Xu[-.
B. to drop B9(w^l$kZ|
C. dropping 4m~y%>
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D.drops E8 C8kH]
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 8P ]nO+
59. A. destructive KKwM\
B. dissatisfied JCH9~n.
C. damaged x@ X2r
D. derivative o0WwlmB5
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ) [eTZg
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 qt:B]#j@
How you got there doesn’t concern me. WOPIF~1v
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 0}GO
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 YM#' +wl}`
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. "= 2\kZ
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 #ChT el
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 9q ]f]S.L
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 5H'Iul<Os
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 :TVo2Zm[@
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. FM%WMyb[
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) qKSR5 #
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) WiH8j$;xu
He no less than John is interested in literature. _)@G,E33f@
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) vJr,lBHEk
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 46M=R-7=
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 {^
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. */~|IbZ `o
真题剖析
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ^G qO>1U
53. A. none c}v8j2{
B. few PL"=>
C. any +% <kcc3
D. some Zk7!CJVM
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 P:J |
