（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 DxJX+.9K9
1. 充当句子的状语。 2
t $ j
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 `a9L%z
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 M DF%\Sx
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 4H@Wc^K
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. W_0>y9?
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. /lafve~
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ?M cQr1
真题剖析 2)j0 Ai%
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 86z]<p (
45. A. For !0N7^Z"gtz
B. As z
$MV% F
C. With NKQOUw:qn
D. Because g[w,!F
练习： 1h.)#g?{
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. w9|w2UK
8. A. is _v*
n lc
B. having ntmyNf?;
C. being &N;-J2M
D. be c2K:FdB
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 3QpYmX<E
虚拟语气(2) frBX{L
1. (should)+动词原形 (!:cen~|[
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 T7 f ${
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ?-Vjha@BO
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ; *,f<
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 + +DG5`
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 a<fUI%_
would rather +动词过去式 U"50_O
真题剖析 +CI1V>6^
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ek
N' k
47. A. do pT$f8xJ
B. did "kc/J*u-3
C. don’t -J^(eog[6
D. didn’t kkK
kf
'
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ?:Bv
iF);/
53. A. ordered }Nb8}(6
B. pleaded E Kp@9\XBC
C. decided lqb/eN9(t
D. demanded ~0b O}
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. VAXT{s&4>
15. A. took EJ`T$JD
B. would take mZUfn%QXb(
C. will take ./$cMaDJ
D. should take F9*
g =
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. m5Tr-w$QY
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) pZU9^Z?~6
54.A. shall %4W$Lq}
B.will P<fnLQ9
C.would { m| pl
D.should PoIl>c1MS
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 !u]1 dxa
动名词、分词、不定式。 8 B**8yg.
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) gqWupL
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) @2*]"/)*0
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 |] Qg7m,O
真题剖析 -[qq(E
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. wd/<
8>2X
60. A. dropped Nl' )l"
B. to drop .]
`f,^v<c
C. dropping `
}3qhar
D.drops b$eXFi/
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. e ${>#>
59. A. destructive M?/jkc.8H
B. dissatisfied m E^o-9/
C. damaged -WQ^gcO=7
D. derivative \a+(=s(;
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 .SWt3|Pi5
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 mYc.x
How you got there doesn’t concern me. ;=? ~
-_
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 2r%lA\,h$
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 GQ_p-/p
R
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. $x6$* K(F
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 u0`% +:]0
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Z#.f&K )xX
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). Uje|`<X
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 v2,%K`pAU
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 0q rq
g]
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 5
|/9}^T
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 0R0{t=VJZ
He no less than John is interested in literature. }Yv\0\~'W|
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 0 'Vg6E]/
Either my father or my brothers are coming. P_u|-~|\
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 gKg -O
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. >\w&6 i~
真题剖析 U=8@@ yE
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. !Oi~:Pp
53. A. none k-*Mzm]kb
B. few Vpp; \
C. any ^h &I H|
D. some {RB-lfrWs
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Ol$WpM
全部倒装 K) Zlc0e
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” YwcPX `eg
There stand big buildings in this district. ~L7:2weV[
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. $ OVXk'cc
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) x7T + >
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. Y\v-,xPm
w{ `|N$
