（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 .sqX>sU/]
1. 充当句子的状语。 L!>EW0
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 !dcG Bj
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 7^hwRZ J{
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 1s "/R
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ;$FpxurX
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. d*cAm$
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). !et[Rdbu
真题剖析 rzk-_AFR
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. kv8
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45. A. For { K,KIj"
B. As jmkVo lz
C. With j34L*?
D. Because OS{j 5o
练习： _Pe,84 Ro
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. l k[
BS*
8. A. is 7[/1uI9U8K
B. having q\I2lZ
C. being PKK18E}{%^
D. be Dpf" H
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 Ojwhcb^
虚拟语气(2) " 4Bk
1. (should)+动词原形 %9HL "
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ,bU 8S \8
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 / t $J<bU
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 1 Vq)& N
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 loR,f&80=O
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 J sY| Fv
would rather +动词过去式 <5 fb, @YN
真题剖析 )_ -EeH
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … mu/GOEZ5
47. A. do fa:V8 xa
B. did 56JvF*hP
C. don’t - &UP[Mq
D. didn’t R 32A2Ml
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. -w3KBlo
53. A. ordered Zk .V
B. pleaded 8gK
<xp
C. decided #U YrSM@u
D. demanded Q}qw` L1
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. #eZm)KFQg
15. A. took {<J(*K*\Jo
B. would take ab/^z0GT
C. will take WNo", Vc
D. should take .r4M]1Of
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 5+yT{,(5
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) ( t%+Z"j
54.A. shall CG397Y^
B.will M>m+VsJV
C.would R'e>YDC
D.should h^aUVuL/
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 r@v_
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动名词、分词、不定式。 WN`|5"?$
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) "(cMCBVYdA
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) `k.Nphx~%
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 cE SSSH!m
真题剖析 S#g=;hD
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. b $O1I[o
60. A. dropped 8*\PW l
B. to drop ?jy6%Y#,i
C. dropping
rV6SN.
D.drops ^}\!Sn
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. ~Q3 6lR
59. A. destructive Zwm2T3@e
B. dissatisfied )cUFb:D*"
C. damaged b8$(j2B~
D. derivative R3\o LT4
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 2F-
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. f.X<Mo
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. IP3%'2}-
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 r)Dln5F
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. n Ph| rW=
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 yWkg4
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Kp.d#W_TX
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). kH9P(`;Vq
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 SuuLB6{u3
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. vD@ =V#T
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) z&x3":@u<
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) {
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He no less than John is interested in literature. u gT;NB
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 8a}et8df:
Either my father or my brothers are coming. XNd%3r
m,
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 34e > R?J
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. LL
lt9(^d
真题剖析 +^0Q~>=VD
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. zUNWcv!& "
53. A. none d=J$H <
B. few y8k*{1MuO
C. any Hvj1R.I/
D. some ML9nfB^z!
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 m5w ZS>@
全部倒装 =iZj&B X
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” &Ub
0o2+y
There stand big buildings in this district. o fw0_)!Q
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ]u\K}n6[q
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) /xseI)y.B
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 6%nKrK
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