（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 v/=\(
1. 充当句子的状语。 s]|t KQGl,
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 @0]WMI9B"B
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 6 `20
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) x^1d 9Z
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ,B_c
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. k!}
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). )Jdku}Pf
真题剖析 t$wb wP
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. dR;N3KwY
45. A. For \"))P1
B. As %ut 8/T
C. With &(A#F[ =0
D. Because 6<$.Z-,
练习： Sk/@w[
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. Y0T :%
8. A. is AU}kIm_+
B. having #v<`| _
C. being 6]~/`6Dub
D. be !Q15
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 I;%1xdPt
虚拟语气(2) _uLpU4# ?
1. (should)+动词原形 8 = TC 3]
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 /51$o\4 S
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 GDSXBa*7
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 " nCK%w=
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 #Iv KI+"
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 Zk((VZ (y
would rather +动词过去式 j?m(l,YD|*
真题剖析 gr zmW4Cw
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … Gd_0FF .
47. A. do o>C,Db~L/
B. did m+;U,[%[*E
C. don’t ''@Tke3IG6
D. didn’t V 97ORI
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. $q:l
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53. A. ordered H'z AMGZa
B. pleaded r=0PW_r:
C. decided cM' MgX9
D. demanded oSD=3DQ;
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. jmwN 1Se>
15. A. took pNOE
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B. would take PiM(QR
C. will take ?V8F
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D. should take s_ /@`kd{
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 2=fM\ G
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.)
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54.A. shall 81x/ bx@L%
B.will p-{ 4 $W
C.would dY&v(~&;]
D.should #1E4
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（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 H!]&"V77
动名词、分词、不定式。 >8I~i:hn
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Ebs] ]a>PO
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) k1xx>=md|C
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 t;VMtIW+E
真题剖析 wi7Br&bG i
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. VQH48{X
60. A. dropped Zqm% qm:
B. to drop 'uL$j=vB
C. dropping |OF3O,5z
D.drops g]L8Jli
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Al *=%nY
59. A. destructive f fL]_E
B. dissatisfied Tx K
v!-1
C. damaged , c`6-
D. derivative ASoBa& vX
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 e_ epuki
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 6/L[`n"G
How you got there doesn’t concern me. OXM=@B<"
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. VO:
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 #@BhGB`9Qt
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. -
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 kK}?NKqT
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 I/St=-;
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ^E \4`
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 tE-bHu370
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. +pq=i
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 9s5s;ntz"
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) X{cB%t
o
He no less than John is interested in literature. a+v.(mCG
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) '@KH@~OzRS
Either my father or my brothers are coming. (kX:@9Pn
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 ?
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ~5|R`%
真题剖析 VSUWX 1k4%
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 8v/,< eARJ
53. A. none Xl<*Fn?
B. few t ;3).F
C. any imM #
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D. some |AExaO"jk
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Xajt][
全部倒装 /:
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” Y <Ae_yLa
There stand big buildings in this district. L"1AC&~ u
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. D5Rp<PBq,
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) TEer>gD:v
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ] !"7k_
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