医学考博英语写作技巧总结 jT]R"U/Q
2zbn8tO
一、原则与要求:不直译原文,抓主要论点,果断舍弃次要内容,突出新点,论点清晰,主要写中长句子!!2-5个长句!不写或少写短句!!一般真题范例在10-15句左右。 (QojIdHt
6shN%
二、现场写作技巧 zRgGSxn
:_F
8O
①划线,划出实质性,实词性句子。②翻译标题,有标题就译,没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题,首尾呼应。 (i\{hq/
Z6
-
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 z[vu-f9
LEN=pqGJ.
1.下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall;上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase; RkTYvAk|kY
x
<aR|r
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; aMT=pGU
Y~*
aA&D
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; hhWy-fP#
}G^'y8U
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; 2dB]Lw@s
B>S>t5$
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system b?!S$S xz
uvR l`"Y
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care,服务体系service system; ={]POL\ A
Y]`o-dV
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene;个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9;9ge
E{^W-
8.lite清淡的;protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食; f<oU"WM
rR/{Yx4
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 C1l'<
+T4}wm
10.人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病, !&.-{ _$
e^x%d[sU
11.虫媒insect pollination;虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease: %\}5u[V
IAN={";p
12.肾病综合征:nephrotic/renal syndrome; Ejf5M\o
`|v/qk7
^?
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热; yc`3)
ox\D04:M
14.爆发流行:break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion G;[O~N3n.
9KJ}Ai
15.传染:infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;
3zc;_U2
M^hz<<:$
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; Bga4kjfmk
f87XE";:A
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 \!w |
=FiO{Aw`N
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission ZSD7%gE<
D
tGbx/$Y
17.传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation %""h:1/S
F0r2=f(?
18.污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate ma<uXq
o-AF_N
19.福祉 well-being, happiness; % -+7=x
myqwU`s
20.衰老grow old;aging;consenescence;senility;senile A;&YPHB
_Y}cK|3
21.from bad to worse每况愈下;akin to=similar to 相似的;Purulent脓的,化脓的 @t*D<B$
&N+`O)$
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension cD)9EFo
WU@
_aw[
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon;亚健康 sub-health \
i}-Y[Dg
C+%eT&OO
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork dxH\H?NO
V[WLS ?-)
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years X=lsuKREZ
0w< ilJ
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health ;_|4c7
U}k@%m,
27.分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. qdmAkYU
C
FZZO-,xa
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations; [F;\NJp6?^
Tr|PR t
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle; Uu
gR
v&d'ABeT
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 >}2
,2
=PNkzFUo
30.民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people;合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; mh`uvqY
mW+5I-~
31.死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from >H5t,FfQL
kzNRRs\e
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. (!J;g|58
YjJ^SU`*
There have been more deaths from drowning. #h
U4gX,
E?bv<L,"
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少? *PB /I4>{
&5bIM>)v
32.归结为 boil down to;come down to; *//z$la
SDNRcSbOD6
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; 'irwecd8
GM1.pVb
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 *O @Zn
@,;h!vB*=
33.大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive;大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak Z]bG"K3l
!Fxn1Z,
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; Iw)m9h
:%j"l7=>
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; ZNk[Jn
[.
NZADHO@0
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon; 2@pEiq3
U 0~BcFpD
复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate; F$|:'#KN
F2_'U' a
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 J(maJuY
) R5j?6}xF
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances; llh
+r?
V>Xg\9B_
养老保险 endowment insurance; HkhZB^_V
+|8.ymvm
退休养老金retirement pension; re#]zc<
*)I^+zN
Health Care Reform医疗改革 kq?:<!z
uV@'898%5
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity; u>agVB4\F
?[>Y
@we
37.月经期menstrual period #2:?N8vz*
!TY0;is
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace 0pW;H|h
F
0zaA
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care &(Hw:W9
s"w^E\>6
40.安乐死euthanasia; KHC Fz
"iX\U'`
41.得绝症的terminally ill; m?Cb^WgcF
DrAIQ7Jd
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care a|4D6yUw|
DcM/p8da
濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient 1{d;Ngx
Fn4yx~0
43.Secondhand Smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. KC2Z@
fG
s\R]
7F~g A74h
A:z