医学考博英语写作技巧总结 W\NC3]
}\Rmwm-
一、原则与要求:不直译原文,抓主要论点,果断舍弃次要内容,突出新点,论点清晰,主要写中长句子!!2-5个长句!不写或少写短句!!一般真题范例在10-15句左右。 f&mi nBU
kDMvTVd
二、现场写作技巧 bWAa:
r
r9Ogez ER
①划线,划出实质性,实词性句子。②翻译标题,有标题就译,没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题,首尾呼应。 6{Q-]LOc[.
b&mA1w[W]
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 Rd5_{F
fg3Jv*
1.下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall;上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase; M{{kO@
P"9
kuD$]A
Q`&
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; V<W;[#"
[Hx(a.,d
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; R`Z"ey@C
.i
I{
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; M|mfkIk0MB
3Iv^
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system eIY`RMo
(
"TZY)\{L
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care,服务体系service system; r)pt(*KHo
in<.0v9w
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene;个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene t{jY@JT|
Rzg;GH
8.lite清淡的;protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食; LSou]{R
-je} PwT
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 @6>Q&GYqt
j'z#V_S
10.人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病, S
F*C'
4 k<o
11.虫媒insect pollination;虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease: 6I
+0@,I
dDpAS#'s\
12.肾病综合征:nephrotic/renal syndrome; +9b{Y^^~T
k
i<X ^^
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热; z_$c_J
<
J&S[`U!
14.爆发流行:break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion dgkS5Q$/
n?EgC8b9
15.传染:infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable; CvY+b^ ;
Bdt6 w(`^
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; u]IbTJ'
PR.3EL
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 "#r)NYq`"|
7EE{*}?0E
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission p@^G)x
wsWFD xR
17.传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation \"a{\E,{;
q*3OWr
18.污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate )@N d3Z
xak)YOLRV
19.福祉 well-being, happiness; 6eV#x%z@v'
'E_~|C
20.衰老grow old;aging;consenescence;senility;senile /sA&}kX}E
8F}drK9>F
21.from bad to worse每况愈下;akin to=similar to 相似的;Purulent脓的,化脓的 p\w<~pN[
Q1,sjLO-a
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension I%3[aBz4
pZnp!!G
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon;亚健康 sub-health dz_S6o ]
=fcg4h5(
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork yq%5h[M
1r;zA<<%R
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years w 9dkJo
`6U!\D
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health BO[:=x`
3kn-tM
27.分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. \vA*dQ-
"n%s>@$
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations; gQn%RPMh
yKc-:IBb{u
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle; b[74$W{
/WuYg
OI
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 bKQho31a'
jxog8E
30.民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people;合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; U2
*ORd
~a
ob@(
31.死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from =XP[3~
?KC(WaGJQ
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. Tuln#<:
UqP{Cyy{
There have been more deaths from drowning. {&51@UX
*1)>He$qL
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少? ./YR8 #,
~>u.d
32.归结为 boil down to;come down to; 5hrI#fpOR
MGg(d
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; ={BD*=i
um2a#6uo
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 vSgT36ZF
hG1:E:}
33.大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive;大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak 9zp!lw~;+
wI%M3XaBws
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; i
^s Vy
|2(q9j
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; @Cj!MZ=T
v] m/$X2
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon; o4Q?K.9c
R<|\Z@z
复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate; 1NZ"\9=U
L:i&OCU2k
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 GP}; ~
)x.%PUA
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances; ho\1[xS
Z\!,f.>g
养老保险 endowment insurance; k&Pt\- 9on
}k^uup*{
退休养老金retirement pension; sy&[Q{,4
SuE~Wb5&
Health Care Reform医疗改革 4Gu'WbJ
u64#,mC[*
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity; bvox7V>
6= ?0&Bx&
37.月经期menstrual period LlTD =tJ0
w\buQ6pR)
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace MO`Y&<g~A
!:(+#
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care ~D52b1f
d4Uw+3ikW
40.安乐死euthanasia; >M<3!?fW)
TvU
z^
41.得绝症的terminally ill; ~f<']zXv
2yN!yIPR
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care 3.&BhLT
Jqoo&T")
濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient f:;-ZkIU ?
G]lGoa}]`u
43.Secondhand Smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. ETDWG_H |
6H#:rM
Ev fvU:z
\@Wv{0a(