考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 r]yq
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: K:0RP?L
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 E_z@\z MB
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. l40$}!!<
A. In spite of 9o6y7hEQy
B. But for 8CL05:&
C. Because of j(SQNSFD
D. As for 答案选B。
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But that she was afraid, she would have said no. OCd[P1Y]
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 B3D4fYQ
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 3ySnA AG
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante k $);<= ZI
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. /xmd]XM=_
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: @ZmpcoDI
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 $6_J`7
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 ZE :oK
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 oyHjd
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. Y3thW@mD05
A. were sleeping @=9QV3D
B. would be sleeping qP"m819m
C. had been sleeping jj^CW"IB
D. would sleep选择 B。 xGA%/dy,;
(4)形容词及其比较级 CV` I.
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ^Ab|\5^3
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. cgU7)
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(5)分词短语 rsP1?Hxq
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. m1(rAr1
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. &BQ`4j~.
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 6l50IWj,T
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. $
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. * @oAM,@
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. {AB0 PM;-
It would be easier to do it this way. m:'fk;khN
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 s]}P
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. \s,ZE6d
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A diligent student would have worked harder. ^Zg"`&E
(8)独立主格结构 L"AZ,|wIk
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. rtOXK4)]I
(9)定语从句 JD,/oL.KA
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. =n9|r.\&uJ
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. n&&X{Rl
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: :dB6/@fW
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. $yG=exh3v
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. YX-G>.Pc
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 WOquG
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 bz,C%HFA
God bless you! 06L/i,
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. (oxe'\
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 5ILce%#zL
If that be so, we shall take action at once y 1z4qSeM
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