考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 Lbq
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: h76#HUBr!
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 4(R O1VWsb
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.
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A. In spite of YdV5\!
B. But for ;} gvBI2e
C. Because of 1i_~ZzX8
D. As for 答案选B。 $.QnM
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. `kwyF27v]
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 #"O9\X/B
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante Uf
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D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante P;VR[d4e/
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. C
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(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: C0 .Xp
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 j6/ 3p|E
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 8<^[xe
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 bsr
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 8ji!FZf
A. were sleeping >7vSN<w~m
B. would be sleeping T(a*d7
C. had been sleeping k,X)PQc
D. would sleep选择 B。 :7W5R
(4)形容词及其比较级 ?
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. *%B%BJnX
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. 4d!&.Qo9
(5)分词短语 *:BNLM
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ~i))Zc3,g\
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. `"GD'Oa
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 Sl:\5]'yJ
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. /Klwh1E
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. +ZizT.$&
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. xS,):R
It would be easier to do it this way. q?}G?n4
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 Ko/_w_
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. kZUuRB~om
A diligent student would have worked harder. G|
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(8)独立主格结构 ~{2@-qcm
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. r)+dK}xl
(9)定语从句 {7
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Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. <@JU0Z"a=
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. >x!N[N
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(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: m1daOeZ]P
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. n>#h(
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. ^QYI`u` 4
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 <a$cB+t
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 N3x}YHFF
God bless you! l#Qf8*0
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. f kP
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 55,vmDd
If that be so, we shall take action at once x; b'y4kH
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