考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 zt&"K0X|
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: u={A4A#
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 MTI[Mez
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. qPal'c0
A. In spite of tqok.h
B. But for 'PO+P~|oa&
C. Because of K=Q<G:+&V
D. As for 答案选B。 b}&2j3-n,
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. .VD:FFkW
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 2TQyQ%
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante Gl am(V1
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante LIah'6qR
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. C!,|Wi2&
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: L0^rw|Z%'
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 %imI.6
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 i>elK<R4
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 :"G x
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. +HAd=DU
A. were sleeping yb/v?q?Fk
B. would be sleeping `4Db( ~
C. had been sleeping \I-bZ|^
D. would sleep选择 B。 (Zi,~Wqm$
(4)形容词及其比较级 PI-o)U$Ehv
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. =NNA7E7c
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. >Hd Pcsl L
(5)分词短语 Lb=4\ _
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. 5Sh.4A\
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. C@F3iwTtp
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ^`*p;&(K\^
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. P`$Y73L
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. be+]kp
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. QnMN8Q9
It would be easier to do it this way. H_&z-g`
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 z~0f[As.
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. &Jf67\N
A diligent student would have worked harder. |M$ESj4@
(8)独立主格结构 y%Wbm&h
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. fa#5pys
(9)定语从句 d{FD.eI0
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. (
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A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. V|T3blG?D
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: _[p@V_my
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 7a#zr_r
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. ^(.utO
(11)动词原形表示虚拟
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动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 A1kqWhg\
God bless you! R) 'AI[la
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. \EC7*a0
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). RI0+9YJ
If that be so, we shall take action at once KOP*\\1
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