考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 DK\XC%~m
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: H*'1bLzq
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 jYFJk&c
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. a:fP
A. In spite of D &"D[|@
B. But for %bAQ>E2;m
C. Because of eF,F<IJT{
D. As for 答案选B。 W<r<K=`5P
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. #*'Qm
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 (4T0U5jgT
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante C/!.VMl^
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante u^~7[OkE
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. "lI-/G
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: Io1j%T#ZT
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 HIXAA?_eh=
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 ^#HaH
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 H<(F$7Q!\
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. j
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A. were sleeping tk&AZb,sP
B. would be sleeping _MBhwNBxZ
C. had been sleeping >}+{;d
D. would sleep选择 B。 #ibwD:{
(4)形容词及其比较级 ]n!V
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. /4G1,T_,
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. D&G6
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(5)分词短语 rH
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Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. *;fTiL
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. L4>14D\
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 n<.7tr0f\
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. FDMQLx f
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. Uwc%'=@
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. &C9IR,&
It would be easier to do it this way. ;6G]~}>o
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 ,:?ibE=
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. hX.cdt_?
A diligent student would have worked harder. _3`GZeGV
(8)独立主格结构 *k{Llq
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. Kxsd@^E
(9)定语从句 aTvyzr1
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. q" VmuQ
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. o?baiOkH
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: '12m4quO
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. y\FQt];z)
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. #{6VdWZ
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 7X$CJ%6b
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 '.v;/[0
God bless you! K)'[^V Xh
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. V%R]jbHZ#
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 8-;.Ejz!\A
If that be so, we shall take action at once V^s, 3C
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