考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 3P=Eb!qtdD
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: J~nJpUyP*
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 o} bj!h]N
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. @et3}-c
A. In spite of =~(L JPo6
B. But for l{%Op\
C. Because of UJyiRP:#]>
D. As for 答案选B。
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But that she was afraid, she would have said no. hVQ+
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 X/?h!Y}
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante ^LQ lfd
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante c] :J/'vc
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. Z<
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(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: /F
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 i}&mz~
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 {)dEO0 p
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 e"&9G}.f
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. kgI.kT(=
A. were sleeping Z_ FL=S\
B. would be sleeping HS7
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C. had been sleeping '-1jWw:8
D. would sleep选择 B。 <`VJU2
(4)形容词及其比较级 t1_y1!uQ
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ObHz+qRG
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. jwE(]u
(5)分词短语 ]NhWhJ:
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. U
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. d'@H@
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ?+JxQlVDt-
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. -,CndRKx
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. $;j6
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She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. lNp
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It would be easier to do it this way. z&/
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(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 G&@RLht
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. {*P7)
A diligent student would have worked harder. E$zq8-p|
(8)独立主格结构 Ku,A}5-6
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. $">NW&
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(9)定语从句 d:WhP_rK9
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. -(,6w?
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. Kpbber
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: RloPP
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. V\8
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The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 0r&9AnnWu+
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 L6}x3
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 ">^]^wa08
God bless you! E|#R0n*
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 8$olP
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). @*{BX~f
If that be so, we shall take action at once &H>dE]Hq,
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