考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 jL^zS XQB
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: ZGSb&!Ke
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ]zmY]5
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. {$bAs9L
A. In spite of !FZb3U@
B. But for 0Q_AF`"
C. Because of %L}9nc%~eP
D. As for 答案选B。 #q9jFW8
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. bk}.^m!
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 bT,]=h"0
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante )i0\U
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante q El:2 <
D. #n]js7
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. zK(9k0+s
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: 5Lo{\7%
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 =S4_^UY;
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 \'&:6\-fw
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 &=nwb4
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 1mwb&j24n3
A. were sleeping q62TYg}
B. would be sleeping CA7tI >y_
C. had been sleeping s7tNAj bgD
D. would sleep选择 B。 p
)etl5
(4)形容词及其比较级 0V{-5-.
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ]t\fw
'
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. *JZU
0Xb
(5)分词短语 yP :>vFd7
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident.
6c^2Nl8e
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. >7!4o9)c
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 'M=(5p
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ?=dyU(
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. ,v4Z[ (
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. MlkTrKdGi
It would be easier to do it this way. "(F>?pq
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 h$)!eSu
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. i*:lZ eU61
A diligent student would have worked harder. HTao)`.
(8)独立主格结构 tbJB 0T|G
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 1y$Bz?4
(9)定语从句 pFXDo4eH
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. wA|m/SZx
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ;hA>?o_i(
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: E)H:
L-
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. JBtcl#|
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 'b]GcAL
(11)动词原形表示虚拟
poGF
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 m]R< :_
God bless you! Q@6OIE
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. a)^f`s^aa
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 8fKt6T
If that be so, we shall take action at once y-m<&{q
\\AufAkJ