考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 {{V;:+62
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: pqyWv;
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 _M8G
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the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. IajD;V
A. In spite of M82.khm~jM
B. But for J)9 AnGWe
C. Because of wGEWr2$
D. As for 答案选B。 dtB[m^$
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. FU_fCL8yA
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 yGb a
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante !oZQ2z~
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante i{o#3
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. E%<w5d.lq
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: N]B)Fb
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 a?5WKO
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 To3^L_v"
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 Oo FgQEr@
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. *:a'GC%/
A. were sleeping T>d\%*Q+B
B. would be sleeping $aB/
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C. had been sleeping ?q\FLb%"7
D. would sleep选择 B。 qs=Gj?GwGQ
(4)形容词及其比较级 J!rY
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ov8
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A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. 3pB}2]
(5)分词短语 }K2
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Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. TYYp"wx
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. @&;(D!_&
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 85'nXYN{d
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. xdPcsox~
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. VM7 !0
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. >QXzMN}o
It would be easier to do it this way. |+98h&U~
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 cv2]*
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. hR-K@fS%l'
A diligent student would have worked harder. %dc3z
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(8)独立主格结构 *.oK
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All things considered, the price would be reasonable. `ruNA
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(9)定语从句 |XRImeF'd
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. KF_ ?'X0=
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. E!zX)|Z<
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: zCt\o
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. L7]]ZAH!1
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. D?^Y`G$.
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 8'_ 0g[s
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 &f-hG3/M
God bless you! Pe}PH
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All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. T?n-x?e
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ?n.)&ZIx0
If that be so, we shall take action at once gyev5txn
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