考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 tvNh@it:F
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: qU!*QZ^y&
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 {XC1B
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. y*ae 5=6(
A. In spite of hrfu\cI
B. But for D ff0$06Nq
C. Because of MB$K ?"Y
D. As for 答案选B。 fhx_v^<X
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. BE
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 0fgt2gA
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She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante HWe?vz$4"
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante asT*Z"/Q!
D. xf1@mi[a
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. $$E!u}
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: \!HGkmd
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 _YVp$aKDR
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 Y8I*B=7
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 (rfU=E
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. h-B&m:gD_U
A. were sleeping v=4,kG
B. would be sleeping BElVkb
C. had been sleeping 2/.Euf
D. would sleep选择 B。 DgOO\
(4)形容词及其比较级 mSSDV0Pfn
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. Y*-#yG9
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. #T0uPK
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(5)分词短语 hr9[$4'H
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. /Jz?~H{%n
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. tuzw%=Ey
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 @ToY,@]e
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 0zD[mt
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. feOX]g#
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. qKX3Npw
It would be easier to do it this way. =aM(r6 C
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 (=n {LMa
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. o+e:HjZZ
A diligent student would have worked harder. dTN[E6#R
(8)独立主格结构 @B
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All things considered, the price would be reasonable. egur}
(9)定语从句 #l kv&.)x
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. WoYXXYP/E
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. )21yD1"6
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: \piHdVD
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. -p
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The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. c-?2>%;(V
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 T~&9/%$F
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。
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God bless you! i'6>_,\(
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. -FxE!K
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). iS/faXe5
If that be so, we shall take action at once hoJ{C 0
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