考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 HS"E3s8
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: byl#8=?
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 bmT_tNz
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. \2(Uqf#_
A. In spite of :kUZNw'Bi
B. But for xSFY8
C. Because of C~PrIM?
D. As for 答案选B。 uGIA4CUm
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. )UA$."~O
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 t#tAvwFM8
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante okfGd=
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D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante '
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. \M~M
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: +}H2|vP
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 %n-:mSus
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 DIR_W-z
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 #9aB3C
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. r`5[6)+P
A. were sleeping LaL.C^K
B. would be sleeping &z[39Q{~
C. had been sleeping HMyw:?
D. would sleep选择 B。 .v<c_~y
(4)形容词及其比较级 o@TxDG
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. t2Dx$vT*&
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. ))"J
(5)分词短语 5MsE oLg
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ~ B0L7}d
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. Lc ,te1
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 C%8nr8po
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. smEKQHB
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. jEr/*kv
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. =KfV;.&
It would be easier to do it this way. :A%|'HxH3
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 B WdR~|2
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. a1]@&Dr
A diligent student would have worked harder. )rJ{}U:S
(8)独立主格结构 t}LV[bj1u
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. %Od?(m"&
(9)定语从句 i=$##
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. &oJ=
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ,-7w\%*
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: 69{^Vfd;Y
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 7FL!([S5i
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. W]Z;=-CBr
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 j'Ry.8}
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 UFnz3vc
God bless you! Zcq'u
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All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. L&3Ak}sh
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ql,k 5.l
If that be so, we shall take action at once X`kTbIZ|
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