考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 FMNm,O]
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有:
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(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 +a&p$\
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 0iULCK
A. In spite of L
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B. But for 9I1tN
C. Because of 5>3}_
D. As for 答案选B。 Zfk*HV#\
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. ]{"Br$
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 &PkLp4mQ
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante }I3gU
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante JdIlWJY
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. !d<"nx[2`
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: +!QJTn"3
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 |mdi]TL
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 hN['7:bQ
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 5H=ko8fZ=
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. z0|&W&&D
A. were sleeping MCU_Z[N#10
B. would be sleeping UzXE_S
C. had been sleeping gp$Ucfu'
D. would sleep选择 B。 vG \a1H
(4)形容词及其比较级 YF+n
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. {R/C0-Q^^
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. nXjPx@
(5)分词短语 V
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Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. spasB=E
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. )'*5R <#
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 k`GA\&zt
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ,39aF*r1Q
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. VCtH%v#S;.
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ',
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It would be easier to do it this way. %pXAeeSY`;
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 s?ko?qN(
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. g;ZxvR)ZJk
A diligent student would have worked harder. W>q HFoKa
(8)独立主格结构 Q5%#^ZdsTd
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. " R8KQj
(9)定语从句 0%)i<a!_Z
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. /m!Cc/Hv
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. lo'W1p
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: F@R1:M9*
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. "*,XL
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The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 5=e@d:Sz
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 1^i Pji/
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 erVO|<%=R
God bless you! s}pIk.4ot!
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 6%Be36<
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). IF]lHB
If that be so, we shall take action at once /O]t R
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