考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 D?v)Xqw=
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: Gl1Qbd0
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 qNLG- m,n<
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. q]-CTx$
A. In spite of Z=B6fu*
B. But for :`9hgd/9
C. Because of 2f%G`4/p
D. As for 答案选B。 #q06K2
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. -7^A_!.
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 H9x,C/r,
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante =?*6lS}gy
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante h "7:&=e
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. .HM1c
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: x2#5"
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The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 WcCJ;z:S?k
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 4@K9%
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 .`iG}j)\
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. NF}QQwG3
A. were sleeping $`2rtF
B. would be sleeping y^rcUPLT
C. had been sleeping hPCt-
D. would sleep选择 B。 wD|3Czc
(4)形容词及其比较级 x[mxp/
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ;XJK*QDN
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. m=^`u:=
(5)分词短语 m;=wQYFr{I
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident.
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. 7}r!&Eb
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 v
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I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ^
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. L
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She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. yI&{8DCCw
It would be easier to do it this way. [DW}z
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 "(@W^qF}d
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. U($sH9,
A diligent student would have worked harder. "4VC:"$f
(8)独立主格结构 BrW1:2w
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All things considered, the price would be reasonable. "
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(9)定语从句 %+WIv+<
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. )V!9/d
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. J{GtH[
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: '%W'HqVcG1
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. zeqP:goy
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. PGT*4r21
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 &cjE+
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 r]XXN2[jO
God bless you! @ljvTgZ(X
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. dx=\Pq
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 3pxm0|
If that be so, we shall take action at once xS~OAcxg
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