考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 9?,.zc
^  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： ; O0rt1  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 6+#cyKj  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ,
lM2BXz%  
　　A. In spite of DQnWLC"u  
　　B. But for Bz~h-  
　　C. Because of ?M(Wx
  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 MoHvXp;X  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. H2cc).8"  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 1e } 3L2rC  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante TvwIro  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante >f8,YisH  
　　D. >L4$DKO  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. [nD4\x+  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： Jj:4@p:  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 Ka{Z
oi]  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 s'
4p+eJ  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 3Gv i!h7  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. 
T,>e\  
　　A. were sleeping 4iW2hV@m  
　　B. would be sleeping &0`7_g7G  
　　C. had been sleeping UC@"<$'C  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 w[-Bsf  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 q(W@=-uDK  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. &pz8vWCk  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. FU3B;Fn^Z(  
　　(5)分词短语 $ 1ZY Vw  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. gId+hxFa:r  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. eGil`:JY"  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 cj *4XYu  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. _T$\$v$ {  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. qQ_QF
 
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. Jt8 v=<@  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. y]_DW6W  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 kZNZ?A<D  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. %ZK}y{u\  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. P'8E8_M}  
　　(8)独立主格结构 .w~USJ=X  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. ;+U9 ;  
　　(9)定语从句 nC^'2z  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. < 4g^c&  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. j^.P=;  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： 5hAg*zJb5o  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. )-@EUN0E>5  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. J"y@n~*0  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ZE^de(Fm  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 & \m\QI  
　　God bless you! K^bn4Nr  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. y^Lw7  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). Y"@kvd  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once DKZ69^  
iJi|*P5dw