考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 I
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: h!M
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 _no/F2>!/n
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 48J@CvU
A. In spite of '<gI8W</
B. But for 55G+;
C. Because of $6#CqWhI
D. As for 答案选B。 `A,-@`p
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. t DO=P
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 mWv3!i;G<s
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante zU,9T
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante ):P?
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. FK^p")i
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: FW;m\vu
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 .14~J6
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 I^* Nqqq
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 u6J8"<
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. u/UrAqw
A. were sleeping 50"pbzW
B. would be sleeping ;Y)w@
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C. had been sleeping dR
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D. would sleep选择 B。 Zj_b>O-V
(4)形容词及其比较级 2"COP>
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. PG2: ~$L0
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. .4S.>~^7
(5)分词短语 =WyDp97@+
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. nz%DM<0$
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. sXqz+z$*
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 1eA7>$w}[
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. %Celc#v
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. AWcLUe {
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. N1}c9}
It would be easier to do it this way. a,Sw4yJ!Q
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 U1Q:= yD
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. }pDqe;a{
A diligent student would have worked harder. 6e (Qwt
(8)独立主格结构 rW<KKGsRWQ
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. Y$o<6[7
(9)定语从句 JELTo u
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. toLV4BtIG
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. V4hiGO[
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: ,ZaRy$?
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. _> f`!PlB|
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. N1Ng^aY0
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 P|^f0Rw3.
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 I?]ohG K
God bless you! Q`~jw>x
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 7jxslI&F
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 0\H\lKcK
If that be so, we shall take action at once 6
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