考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 fm
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　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：
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　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 h^}r$k_n  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. AGdFJ>/  
　　A. In spite of &m>sGCZ  
　　B. But for vF,iHzv  
　　C. Because of ,9C~%c0Pw  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 3bi,9 >%  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. &~xzp^&  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 /T_ G9zc  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 7:D@6<J?  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante _K?{DnT
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　　D. @l:o0(!W  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. _8U 5mW  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： jxU z-U -  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 7jZ=+2  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 2V1|b`b#4  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 }? W[D  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. ,/=Fm  
　　A. were sleeping ~P47:IZf  
　　B. would be sleeping : ;nvqbd  
　　C. had been sleeping :|\{mo1NB  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 5)rMoYn25  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 Sl8A=Ez  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. hw@ `Q@  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. OUd&fUmH  
　　(5)分词短语 t@`w}o[#  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. NT^m.o~4  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. YQ&Ww|xe  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 z)RJUmY3B  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. i58&o@.H<u  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. =peodj^  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation.  ID-Y*  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. RZtY3:FBx|  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 YTc X4cC  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. ]5V=kNui  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. o1m+4.-  
　　(8)独立主格结构 zPonG d1  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 5 (Lw-_y#  
　　(9)定语从句 *kmD/J  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. pf\ Ybbs  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. J<"=c z$  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： j
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　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. l@ amAusE  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. e ej:  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 Z
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　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 ^V1.Y  
　　God bless you! o =oXL2}  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. Y<4
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　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). N)kZ2|oD  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once 0tL#-47  
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