考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 Jh36NE8r
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: [jxh$}?P
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 1. <g C
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ZN&9qw*
A. In spite of ) 3V1
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B. But for .eorwj]yb
C. Because of _KBa`lhE
D. As for 答案选B。 >wFn|7\)s>
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 3qDbfO[
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 &m]jYvRc
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante k'sPA_|
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante FF7?|V!Q
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. *+00
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: OHnsfXO_V
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 7j(
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 W[e2J&G
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 5d# 73)x$
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. ~fzuz'"^
A. were sleeping pX$X8z%
B. would be sleeping )jjaY1E
C. had been sleeping 7h:EU7
D. would sleep选择 B。
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(4)形容词及其比较级 jfam/LL{V
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. {d)L0KXK
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. m%.[|sZ3EM
(5)分词短语 ;RQ}OCz9}8
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. 64<*\z_
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. 9/I
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(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 axK/YE7t
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. WD*z..`
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 6uk}4bdvq
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. *<h )q)HS
It would be easier to do it this way. =8"xQ>D62
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 ^7t1'A8e<
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. d7 :=axo,
A diligent student would have worked harder. i.KRw6
(8)独立主格结构 lg{/5gQG
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. )@=fGN Dt
(9)定语从句 yb0Mn*X+
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Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. k%aJ%(
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 8,e%=7h_e
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: 5ci1ce
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 'tjqfR
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. p9S>H
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 PY&mLux%
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 ,"YTG*ky
God bless you! 6fCHd10!
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). WSGho(\
If that be so, we shall take action at once .S4%Q9l
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